Isici Sesihlungi Sensimbi Engagqwali Ngokwezifiso Esizwakele Esishiselwe

1. Imboni Ye-Petrochemical kanye Nezamandla (Enye Yezimo Eziyisisekelo Zokusebenza)

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithize:
  • Ukuhlunga uwoyela wokugcoba/umshini wokubacindezela (isb., amasekhethi kawoyela okugcoba ama-compressor, ama-steam turbines, nama-gearbox; ukuhlunga uwoyela ocindezelayo/ukuhlunga uwoyela wokubuyisela ezinhlelweni ezisebenza ngamanzi);
  • Ukuhlunga uwoyela kawoyela/udizili (isb., ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kukaphethiloli wamajeneretha edizili namabhayela aphuma ngowoyela ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola kwemishini kanye nemfucumfucu yensimbi kuwoyela);
  • Ukuhlunga uketshezi lwenqubo yamakhemikhali (isb., ukuhlungwa okumaphakathi kwemidiya ebolayo njengama-asidi aphilayo, izixazululo ze-alkaline, nezinyibilikisi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcola ukuthi kuphazamise ukusebenza kahle kokusabela noma ukulimaza okokusebenza).
• Indawo Efanelekile:
  • Ibanga lokushisa: -20°C ~ 200°C (insimbi engagqwali sintered inzwa inikeza ukumelana kwezinga lokushisa okungcono kunezihlungi ze-polymer ezivamile; amanye amamodeli acaciswe phezulu angakwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-300°C);
  • Ibanga lokucindezela: 0.1 ~ 3.0 MPa (isakhiwo sensimbi engagqwali esishiselwe konke simelana nokucindezela okuphezulu, futhi uxhumo olunentambo yangaphakathi luqinisekisa ukuvaleka okuthembekile ukuvimbela ukuvuza);
  • Izici ezimaphakathi: Imelana nokugqwala okuqinile noma imidiya ephezulu ye-viscosity efana nama-asidi, ama-alkali, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo, namafutha amaminerali, engenabungozi bokucwiliswa (igwema ukungcolisa imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali noma uwoyela wokugcoba).

2. Ukukhiqiza Imishini kanye Nezinhlelo Zokugcobisa Izisetshenziswa

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithize:
  • Buyisela ukuhlungwa kukawoyela ezinhlelweni ezisebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi emishini esindayo (isb., ama-excavators, ama-cranes);
  • Ukuhlunga uwoyela wokugcoba eziphondweni zamathuluzi omshini (isb., imishini ye-CNC, izikhungo zomshini);
  • Ukuhlunga uwoyela ezintweni zamandla omoya (amabhokisi ogiya, iziteshi ezisebenza ngamanzi) (kufanele zimelane namazinga okushisa aphansi angaphandle nezimo ezinothuli, kuyilapho isihlungi sidinga ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside).
• Indawo Efanelekile:
  • Izimo zokudlidliza/umthelela: Isakhiwo sensimbi engagqwali yonke simelana nokudlidliza, sivimbela ukuwohloka kwesihlungi noma ukuqhekeka (okuphakeme kunezihlungi zepulasitiki noma zengilazi zefibre);
  • Indawo enothuli yangaphandle/indawo yokusebenzela: Uxhumo olunentambo yangaphakathi lunika amandla ukuhlanganiswa kwamapayipi aqinile, kunciphisa ukungenwa kothuli lwangaphandle. Ngaleso sikhathi, isakhiwo "sokuhlunga okujulile" se-sintered sithatha ngokuphumelelayo uthuli nensimbi ehlanganiswe emafutheni.

3. Izimboni Zokudla, Iziphuzo, Nezemithi (Izimo Ezibalulekile Zokuthobelana)

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithize:
  • Ukuhlunga uketshezi lwezinga lokudla (isb, ukususwa kokungcola kanye nezinhlayiya ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ngesikhathi kukhiqizwa amafutha adliwayo, amajusi ezithelo, nobhiya ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvaleka kwemishini elandelayo);
  • Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili “kwamanzi ahlanzekile/amanzi omjovo” embonini yezemithi (noma ukuhlunga kwe-药液, okumele kuthobelane namazinga ebanga lokudla/ezemithi afana ne-3A kanye ne-FDA). Isakhiwo se-all-stainless-steel asinazo izindawo ezifile zokuhlanzeka futhi singavalwa inzalo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
• Indawo Efanelekile:
  • Izidingo zokuhlanzeka: Isakhiwo esishiselwe ngensimbi engagqwali yonke asinazo izindawo ezifile ezihlangene futhi singafafazwa ngesitimu (izinga lokushisa eliphakeme elingu-121°C) noma lihlanzwe ngamakhemikhali (isb., i-nitric acid, izixazululo ze-sodium hydroxide) ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhula kwamagciwane;
  • Akukho ukungcoliswa kwesibili: Insimbi engagqwali ayisabelani nokudla/uketshezi lwemithi futhi ayinakho ukuvuzeka okuvela ezintweni ze-polymer, ethobelana nokuphepha kokudla noma izindinganiso ze-GMP (Indlela Yokwenza Okuhle Yokukhiqiza) yezemithi.

4. Izimboni Zokuhlanza Amanzi Nezokuvikela Imvelo (Izimo Zokumelana Nokungcola/Ukuhlanzeka)

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithize:
  • Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini (isb, ukukhishwa kwezinhlayiya zensimbi nezinto eziqinile ezimisiwe emanzini angcolile ukuze kuvikelwe ulwelwesi lwe-osmosis oluhlehlayo noma amaphampu amanzi);
  • Ukuhlungwa kwezinhlelo zamanzi ajikelezayo (isb., ukupholisa amanzi ajikelezayo, amanzi azungezayo ane-air conditioning emaphakathi ukuze kususwe isikali kanye ne-microbial slime, ukunciphisa ukuvaleka kwamapayipi kanye nokugqwala kwemishini);
  • Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile aqukethe uwoyela (isb., i-emulsion yethuluzi lomshini, amanzi angcolile okuhlanza ngomshini ukuze kuhlungwe ukungcola kuwoyela futhi kunikwe amandla ukutholwa nokusetshenziswa kabusha kukawoyela).
• Indawo Efanelekile:
  • Izindawo zamanzi anomswakama/abolayo: Insimbi engagqwali (isb, 304, 316L amamaki) imelana nokugqwala kwamanzi, ivimbela ukugqwala kwesihlungi nokwehluleka;
  • Imithwalo yokungcola okuphezulu: "Isakhiwo se-porous esinezinhlangothi ezintathu" se-sintered feeling sinikeza amandla okubamba ukungcola okuqinile (izikhathi ezi-3 ~ 5 ukuphakama kunemeshi evamile elukiwe) futhi ingasetshenziswa kabusha ngemva kokuwashwa ngemuva noma ukuhlanzwa nge-ultrasonic, ukunciphisa izindleko zokushintshwa.

5. Ukuhlunga Umoya Ocindezelwe kanye Negesi

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithize:
  • Ukuhlunga okunembayo komoya ocindezelwe (isb, umoya ocindezelwe wezinto zokusebenza zomoya kanye nezinqubo zokufutha ukuze kususwe inkungu kawoyela, umswakama, nezinhlayiya eziqinile, ukugwema imithelela kukhwalithi yomkhiqizo noma ukulimala kwezingxenye zomoya);
  • Ukuhlunga amagesi angenayo (isb., i-nitrogen, i-argon) (isb., amagesi avikelayo ezimbonini zokushisela nezikagesi ukuze kukhishwe izinhlayiya zokungcola egesini).
• Indawo Efanelekile:
  • Izindawo zegesi ezinomfutho ophezulu: Uxhumo olunentambo yangaphakathi luqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa kwamapayipi aqinile, futhi isakhiwo sensimbi engenasici simelana nemithelela yokucindezela kwegesi ngaphandle kwengozi yokuvuza;
  • Izinga lokushisa eliphansi/amagesi aphezulu okushisa: Ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi (isb, -10°C) phakathi nokoma komoya ocindezelweyo noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (isb., 150°C) lamagesi ezimboni, ukugcina ukusebenza kokuhlunga okuzinzile.

II. Imisebenzi Esemqoka (Kungani Khetha Lezi Zihlungi?)

1. Ukuhlunga Okunembayo ukuze Kuvikelwe Izisetshenziswa ezigeleza ngezansi
   Umuzwa wensimbi engagqwali unikeza ukunemba kokuhlunga okulawulekayo (1~100 μm, okungenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokwezidingo), okuvumela ukucasha okusebenzayo kwezinhlayiya eziqinile, ukushefa kwensimbi, nokungcola phakathi nendawo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukungcola ekungeneni ezintweni ezisetshenziswa ezansi nomfula njengamaphampu, amavalvu, izinzwa, namathuluzi anembayo, ukunciphisa ukuguga, ukuvala, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kanye nokwelula impilo yesevisi yesisetshenziswa.
2. Ukumelana Nezimo Eziqinile Zokuthuthukisa Ukwethembeka Kwesistimu
   Isakhiwo esishiselwe ngensimbi engagqwali kanye noxhumo olunentambo yangaphakathi kuvumela isihlungi ukuthi simelane namazinga okushisa aphezulu, izingcindezi eziphezulu, imidiya egqwalayo eqinile (isb., ama-acids, ama-alkali, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo), kanye nomthelela wokudlidliza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlungi zepulasitiki noma zengilazi zefiber, ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezibucayi zezimboni, inciphisa ubungozi bokuphelelwa yisikhathi kokukhiqiza okubangelwa ukwehluleka kwesihlungi.
3. Ukusebenziseka Kabusha Ukunciphisa Izindleko Zesikhathi Eside
   Insimbi engagqwali efakwe insimbi isekela ukuwashwa ngemuva (i-high-pressure yamanzi/igesi backflushing), ukuhlanzwa nge-ultrasonic, kanye nokuhlanza ukucwiliswa kwamakhemikhali (isb., hlambulula i-nitric acid, utshwala). Ngemuva kokuhlanza, ukusebenza kwayo kokuhlunga kungabuyiselwa ku-80%, kuqede isidingo sokushintshwa kwesihlungi njalo (ngokungafani nezihlungi ezijwayelekile ezilahlwayo). Ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukungcola okuphezulu, izimo ezihamba phambili, ukwehlisa izindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside.
4. Ukuthobelana Nokuphepha
   Zonke izinto zensimbi engagqwali (ikakhulukazi i-316L) zithobela izindinganiso zokuthobela ezifana nebanga lokudla (i-FDA), i-pharmaceutical-grade (GMP), kanye nemboni yamakhemikhali (ASME BPE). Azinazinto ezibonakalayo ezingavuzeka, azingcolisi uwoyela ohlungiwe, amanzi, ukudla, noma uketshezi lwemithi, futhi ziqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuphepha kokukhiqizwa.

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